Carbon Steel vs Stainless Steel: Kuyerekeza Kofananira
Pankhani yosankha zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, zitsulo ziwiri zomwe zimaganiziridwa kwambiri ndi carbon steel ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Onsewa ali ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera pazolinga zosiyanasiyana, koma amakhalanso ndi kusiyana komwe kungakhudze momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kutsika mtengo. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa chitsulo cha carbon ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka ponena za maonekedwe, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuvala, mtengo, ndi ductility.
Maonekedwe
Chitsulo cha kaboni chili ndi mapeto a matte kapena osasunthika, omwe amatha kusiyana kuchokera ku silver-gray kupita ku imvi yakuda kutengera zomwe zili ndi alloy ndi chithandizo chapamwamba. Imakhala ndi okosijeni ikakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzimbiri lipangidwe, zomwe zimatha kukhudza kukongola kwake pakapita nthawi.
Komano, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi chonyezimira komanso chonyezimira chomwe sichimadetsedwa ndi kuipitsidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafunikira mawonekedwe oyera, opukutidwa, monga zida zakukhitchini, zomangira, ndi zokongoletsa.
Kukaniza kwa Corrosion
Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu za chitsulo cha kaboni ndikuti chiwopsezo chake ndi dzimbiri. Akakumana ndi chinyezi ndi mpweya, chitsulo cha kaboni chimatha kutulutsa okosijeni mwachangu, ndikupanga dzimbiri. Izi sizimangokhudza maonekedwe a zinthuzo komanso zimatha kufooketsa kukhulupirika kwake kwadongosolo pakapita nthawi.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimadziwika chifukwa chokana dzimbiri, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa chromium mu kapangidwe kake ka aloyi. Chromium imapanga chotchinga cha oxide pamwamba pa chitsulo, chomwe chimalepheretsa kuwonjezereka kwa okosijeni ndi dzimbiri. Izi zimapangitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe chinyontho, mankhwala, kapena zinthu zina zowononga ndizofala.
Valani Kukaniza
Chitsulo cha kaboni nthawi zambiri chimapereka kukana kovala bwino poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka m'makalasi amphamvu kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala chisankho chokondedwa pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kulimba komanso mphamvu, monga zida, zida zamakina, ndi zida zamapangidwe.
Ngakhale chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichichita dzimbiri, nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa poyerekeza ndi chitsulo cha carbon. Komabe, magiredi ena azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za martensitic ndi mvula, zimatha kutenthedwa kuti ziwongolere kulimba kwawo komanso kukana kuvala, kuwapanga kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera.
Mtengo
Chitsulo cha kaboni nthawi zambiri chimakhala chotsika mtengo kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Kutsika mtengo kwake kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino pamafakitale ambiri ndi zomangamanga pomwe zovuta za bajeti zimaganiziridwa.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokwera mtengo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa aloyi komanso njira zopangira zovuta zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Komabe, kukana kwake kwamphamvu kwa dzimbiri komanso kutalika kwa moyo nthawi zambiri kumatha kulungamitsa mtengo woyambira wokwera, makamaka m'mapulogalamu omwe ndalama zolipirira ndi zosinthira ndizofunikira.
Ductility
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi ductile kuposa chitsulo cha carbon, makamaka chifukwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi faifi tambirimbiri, ndipo zinthuzi zimakhalanso zodumphira, kotero kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhalanso chodumphira. Chitsulo cha kaboni chili ndi faifi tating'ono, zomwe zimatha kunyalanyazidwa mwachindunji, koma zimakhala ndi ductility.
Chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zili ndi chitsulo chofanana ndi kaboni. Kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndi zomwe zili ndi aloyi - zitsulo za carbon zimakhala ndi aloyi zosakwana 10,5%, pamene zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ziyenera kukhala ndi 10,5% kapena kuposa chromium. Kusiyana kofunikiraku ndichifukwa chake chitsulo cha carbon ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi zinthu zapadera.
Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zachitsulo ndi chitsulo ndi carbon. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo chokhala ndi mpweya wambiri chimakhala cholimba komanso cholimba, pomwe chitsulo chokhala ndi mpweya wocheperako chimakhala cholimba komanso cholimba. Inde, sikophweka choncho. Zinthu zophatikizika monga chromium, molybdenum, faifi tambala, manganese, kapena silicon zitha kuwonjezeredwa kuti zithandizire kukana dzimbiri kapena kuti zitheke bwino pakati pa mphamvu ndi kulimba.
Chitsulo cha carbon
Chitsulo cha mpweya chimakhala ndi chitsulo ndi 0.12 - 2.00% carbon. Kutanthauzira kokulirapo kumaphatikizapo zitsulo za alloy, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi aloyi mpaka 10.5%. Ngakhale mkati mwa magawo ochepera awiri peresenti ya carbon, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa thupi, makamaka kuuma.
Anthu akamakamba za zitsulo za carbon, nthawi zambiri amatanthauza zitsulo za carbon high zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipeni ndi zida. Zitsulo zapamwamba za carbon zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwambiri kukana kuvala ndi kusunga mawonekedwe awo. Amatha kupirira mphamvu zazikulu asanapunduke. Tsoka ilo, zitsulo zolimba zimakhalanso zosalimba: zikayikidwa pansi pa kupsinjika kwakukulu, zitsulo za carbon high ndizovuta kwambiri kusweka kusiyana ndi kupindika.
Zitsulo zofewa zimakhala zofala kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wambiri chifukwa (1) zimakhala zotsika mtengo popanga, (2) zimakhala zodumphira, ndipo (3) zimakhala zosavuta kuzipanga. Zitsulo zofatsa zimapunduka m'malo mosweka ndi kupsinjika, ndipo ductility iyi imawapangitsa kukhala osavuta kupanga makina ndi kuwotcherera. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapanelo agalimoto, ma bolts, ma clamp, ndi mbale zachitsulo.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi chitsulo, kaboni, ndi chromium yochepera 10.5%. Chromium ndiyofunikira—imachita ndi okosijeni kupanga wosanjikiza woteteza chitsulo ku dzimbiri. Chitetezo chimenechi chimachepetsa mpata woti zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zichite dzimbiri—zofunika kwambiri pamipando yakunja imene idzaikidwa m’malo onyowa. Kukwera kwa chromium, kumapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke. Pogula zipangizo ndi zinthu zina zazikulu, nthawi zonse tcherani khutu ku kalasi yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Sizitsulo zonse zimapangidwa mofanana. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi chromium osachepera 10.5% ndichotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso chosalimba kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi 16% chromium, ndipo kusiyana kwake kudzawonetsedwa pamitengo yosamalira komanso moyo wautali.
Zikomo powerenga, ngati mukufuna kuwona zambiri zomwe timapereka mutha kutsatira maulalo pansipa!