Kumvetsetsa Kusiyana Pakati pa Carbon Steel ndi Alloy Steel

Tanthauzo la Chitsulo cha Carbon ndi Chitsulo cha Aloyi

 

Chitsulo, monga momwe tonse tikudziwira, ndi mawu omwe amatanthauza ma aloyi a iron-carbon. Chitsulo cha kaboni (chofupikitsidwa ngati chitsulo cha kaboni) ndi aloyi wachitsulo wa kaboni wokhala ndi mpweya wosakwana 2.11%. Mu mankhwala ake, kuwonjezera pa chitsulo ndi carbon, palinso zosafunika zochepa monga silicon, manganese, phosphorous, ndi sulfure, ndipo sipadzakhalanso zinthu zina zosakaniza.

 

The linanena bungwe carbon zitsulo nkhani pafupifupi 80% ya okwana zitsulo linanena bungwe, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga, milatho, magalimoto, zombo, makina kupanga, mafakitale, petrochemicals, chitukuko m'madzi ndi zina.

 

Chitsulo cha aloyi ndi chitsulo chokhala ndi chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo zowonjezera zomwe zimawonjezeredwa kuzitsulo za carbon, monga chromium, faifi tambala, tungsten, titaniyamu, vanadium, manganese, mkuwa, aluminiyamu, molybdenum, ndi zina zotero, pofuna kuonjezera zinthu zina zachitsulo. Zinthu zamankhwalazi zimawonjezedwa mosiyanasiyana / zophatikiza kuti zipereke zotsatira zosiyanasiyana, monga kukulitsa kuuma, kukulitsa kukana kwa dzimbiri, kulimbitsa mphamvu, kuwongolera mawonekedwe, kusintha kusinthika, ndi zina zambiri.

 

Linanena bungwe zitsulo aloyi nkhani pafupifupi 20% ya okwana zitsulo linanena bungwe ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera osiyanasiyana monga kupanga makina, petrochemicals, zomangamanga, mankhwala tsiku, zipangizo zachipatala, ulusi kupanga, mayendedwe, etc.

 

 

Gulu la Carbon Steel ndi Alloy Steel

• Gulu la carbon steel

Malinga ndi zomwe zili mkati mwa kaboni, zitha kugawidwa kukhala: chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, sing'anga mpweya zitsulo, chitsulo cha carbon dioxide; mpweya wochuluka wa carbon, umakhala wolimba kwambiri komanso umatsika kwambiri.

 

Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon: zili ndi mpweya C% ≤0.25%. Zitsulo za carbon low low zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira zimaphatikizapo A3 chitsulo, Q215A chitsulo, Q235 chitsulo, 20 # chitsulo, 22 # chitsulo, ndi zina.

Sing'anga mpweya zitsulo: mpweya zili 0.25%＜C%≤0.45%. Zitsulo zapakatikati za carbon zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira zimaphatikizapo 35 # zitsulo, 45 # zitsulo, ndi zina.

Mpweya wa carbon steel: carbon content C% ~ 0.45%, high carbon steel kwenikweni sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga fasteners pamsika, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa carbon, zinthu zolimba komanso zowonongeka, zosavuta kuthyoka.

 

• Gulu la aloyi zitsulo

Malinga ndi zomwe zili muzinthu za alloy, zimagawidwa kukhala: chitsulo chochepa cha alloy, chitsulo chapakatikati, chitsulo chachikulu cha aloyi, chokhala ndi aloyi osiyanasiyana ndi mapangidwe, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

 

Chitsulo chochepa cha alloy: okhutira okwana ≤5%;

Zitsulo zapakatikati: 5%＜chinthu chonse cha aloyi ≤10%

High aloyi zitsulo: aloyi zili ndi 10%.

 

Zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira zimaphatikizapo: 30CrMo, 40Cr, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, etc.

 

Makhalidwe a Carbon Steel ndi Alloy Steel

• Makhalidwe a carbon steel

Kuchita kwa chitsulo cha carbon kumadalira zomwe zili mu carbon. Kukwera kwa carbon, kumapangitsanso mphamvu ndi kuuma, komanso kutsika kwa pulasitiki, kulimba ndi kutsekemera.

 

Ubwino: pulasitiki wabwino ndi weldability; mtengo wotsika, wosavuta kusungunuka; bwino processing luso; ntchito ikhoza kusinthidwa mwa kusintha zomwe zili mu kaboni kapena kusintha njira yopangira;

 

Zoipa: mphamvu zochepa zochepa; osauka kuuma; osakwanira otsika kutentha kukana; kukana dzimbiri kochepa; otsika maginito madutsidwe; zosavuta kukhala maginito mu munda maginito.

 

• Makhalidwe a aloyi zitsulo

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana za alloy zomwe zawonjezeredwa zimakhala ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana.

 

Ubwino: magwiridwe antchito abwino; zopezeka pazifukwa zapadera; mkulu mphamvu ndi mkulu kulimba; kuuma bwino, kosavuta kupunduka ndi ming'alu; kuvala kukana, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutentha pang'ono, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kusakhala ndi maginito, etc.;

 

Zoipa: zodula; zovuta akamaumba ndi kutentha mankhwala njira.

 

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Carbon Steel ndi Alloy Steel

• Kugwiritsa ntchito carbon steel

 

Chitsulo cha kaboni nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zomangira zosiyanasiyana, zotengera, mabokosi, matupi ang'anjo ndi makina aulimi, tizigawo tating'ono tonyamula katundu, ma washers, zikhomo za cotter, ndodo zomangira, masitampu ndi ma welded, etc.

 

Chitsulo cha carbon chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira

 

Chitsulo cha Q215A ndi choyenera kupanga makina ochapira;

 

Chitsulo cha Q235 ndi choyenera kupanga mabawuti, mtedza, zomangira manja, zikhomo za cotter, ma rivets, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zopanda kuuma monga ma bolt a 4.8-grade, mtedza wa 4, ndi zomangira zazing'ono;

 

35 # zitsulo ndi 45 # zitsulo ndi zazitsulo zapamwamba za carbon steel, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mabawuti a 8.8-grade, mtedza wa 8-grade ndi 8.8-grade hexagon fasteners.

 

• Kugwiritsa ntchito alloy steel

 

Chitsulo cha aloyi chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamagalimoto zoyendera monga magalimoto, zombo, ndi ndege; zida zamakina, maroketi, zoponya, ndi zina zotero; ndi kupanga mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ogubuduza, zida zodulira, zida zoyezera, akasupe, zisankho zotentha ndi zozizira, zisankho zopukutira, akasupe, zida, etc.

 

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zapadera, malo osatentha komanso osachita dzimbiri, monga ma turbines a nthunzi, ma boilers, zida zamankhwala, ndi zina zambiri.

 

Chitsulo cha alloy chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira

 

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri ndi mtedza, monga zida za grade 10.9 zimaphatikizapo 30CrMo ndi 40Cr; 12.9 kalasi zipangizo monga: 35CrMo, 42CrMo, etc.

 

30CrMo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabawuti ndi ma studs pansi pa katundu wambiri; zomangira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (pansi pa 450 ℃) malo monga ma turbines ndi ma boilers; flanges ndi mtedza ntchito kutentha kwambiri (pansi pa 500 ℃) kupsyinjika mapangidwe;

 

40Cr ndi yoyenera kupanga zomangira zomangira, zikhomo, zomangira ndodo, mtedza, etc.;

 

35CrMo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira zosiyanasiyana pansi pa katundu wambiri, monga zomangira za ma jenereta a turbine; zomangira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri (pansi pa 480 ℃) malo monga ma boilers;

 

42CrMo ndiyoyenera kupanga zomangira zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zapamwamba kuposa 35CrMo.

 

Poganizira za mawonekedwe a chitsulo cha carbon ndi alloy steel, posankha zipangizo zomangira, zitsulo za carbon zitha kuperekedwa patsogolo pokwaniritsa zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito; ngati mafotokozedwewo ndi aakulu, mawonekedwewo ndi ovuta kwambiri, ndipo zofunikira zamphamvu ndi zolondola ndizokwera, kapena pali zofunikira za kuuma kotentha ndi machitidwe ena apadera, ndiye zitsulo za alloy ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

 

Pambuyo powerenga izi, kodi mungasiyanitse pakati pa zitsulo za carbon ndi alloy steel?

 

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